Toxicology and Clinical Effects of Chromium, Nickel, and Cobalt
This community investigates how exposure to chromium, nickel, and cobalt affects human health, focusing on mechanisms of toxicity, allergic reactions, and the safety of these metals in medical implants and dietary supplements.
The research centers on the adverse biological effects of hexavalent chromium, including oxidative stress, lung disease, and cancer risk, as well as the clinical management of contact dermatitis and lichen planus. A significant portion of the work evaluates the safety of cobalt-chromium and nickel-titanium alloys used in hip and knee arthroplasty, orthodontic archwires, and dental materials, specifically examining ion release and cytotoxicity. Additionally, the community studies the physiological roles of trivalent chromium, such as chromium picolinate supplementation, and compares the toxicological profiles of different metal oxidation states in occupational and environmental settings.
The community is most prominent in beryllium research, accounting for 7.4% of that element's tracked literature, followed by chromium (6.3%) and nickel (2.0%). Chromium also contributes the highest absolute number of papers to this group, with 6,399 entries.
The community comprises 23,390 papers, publishing most frequently in Contact Dermatitis, Biological Trace Element Research, and Inorganic Chemistry.
Recent work includes updated guidelines for diagnostic patch testing, assessments of cobalt-chromium dental alloys, and studies on the occupational health of lithium-ion battery workers exposed to nickel and cobalt.