Biodiesel Production, Hydrogen and Ammonia Combustion in Engines
This community investigates the production of biodiesel from vegetable oils and the combustion of hydrogen and ammonia in internal combustion engines, focusing on fuel properties, emission control, and engine performance.
The research concentrates on transesterification processes for biodiesel, utilizing feedstocks such as waste cooking oil, palm oil, and seed oils, often employing heterogeneous catalysts. A parallel strand examines the combustion characteristics of hydrogen and ammonia, including dual-fuel systems where these are blended with diesel or natural gas. Key methods include direct injection, premixed flames, and numerical optimization of engine parameters to manage ignition delay, flame propagation, and nitrogen oxide emissions. The work spans fundamental kinetics and practical engine testing, addressing the challenges of integrating low-carbon fuels into existing compression and spark ignition architectures.
The largest share of the community's output is found in hydrogen research, accounting for 3.5% of all tracked hydrogen studies, with 5,279 papers in this group. Nitrogen research follows with a 1.2% share (1,669 papers), and oxygen research contributes 0.7% (1,076 papers).
The community comprises 24,567 papers, published primarily in Fuel, the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, and Combustion and Flame.
Recent work continues to focus on the optimization of hydrogen-ammonia synergistic combustion in scramjets and spark ignition engines, as well as the life-cycle implications of catalyst reuse in biomass-based biodiesel production.