Toxicology of Chromium, Nickel, and Cobalt in Human Health and Industry
This community investigates the biological effects of chromium, nickel, and cobalt, focusing on how these metals cause oxidative stress, allergic reactions, and organ toxicity in humans and animal models.
The research centers on hexavalent chromium and its role in inducing oxidative stress and lung cancer, alongside the mechanisms of nickel and cobalt in causing contact dermatitis and allergic sensitization. A significant portion of the work examines ion release from stainless steel, orthodontic archwires, and dental alloys, assessing their cytotoxicity and systemic effects. Studies frequently utilize patch testing to diagnose contact allergies and employ in vitro models to evaluate the protective roles of antioxidants against metal-induced cellular damage. The community also explores the nutritional aspects of trivalent chromium, including supplementation in heat-stressed livestock, and the toxicological profiles of oxide nanoparticles.
The largest share of the community's output is found in chromium research, accounting for 6.3% of all chromium studies, with 6,676 papers in this group. Nickel research follows with a 2.2% share and 4,374 papers, while cobalt contributes 1.9% of its research field with 2,684 papers.
The community comprises 17,770 papers, with the most frequent venues being Contact Dermatitis, Biological Trace Element Research, and Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.
Recent work includes updated guidelines for diagnostic patch testing, assessments of cobalt-chromium dental alloy toxicity, and studies on the immunomodulatory effects of bioactive compounds on gut-brain axis disorders.