Lead-Acid and Lead-Carbon Battery Electrochemistry and Recycling
This community focuses on the electrochemical performance, material modification, and recycling of lead-acid and lead-carbon batteries.
The research centers on optimizing positive and negative electrodes using lead paste, lead oxide, and lead dioxide, often incorporating carbon additives like graphene oxide and porous carbon to enhance performance. A significant portion of the work addresses the recovery of lead from spent batteries, including hydrometallurgical extraction and the processing of waste lead paste. Studies also examine electrolyte additives and gel polymer electrolytes to improve ionic conduction and corrosion resistance. The community investigates both the fundamental mechanisms of hydrogen evolution and electrode degradation and the practical engineering of battery systems for energy storage applications.
The largest share of the community's output is found in lead research, accounting for 2.4% of all lead research, with 681 papers in this group. Antimony research follows with 146 papers, representing 0.7% of antimony research.
The community comprises 1,103 papers, with the highest publication volumes in the Journal of Power Sources, Journal of Energy Storage, and Electrochimica Acta.
Recent work includes developing closed-loop extraction methods for precious metals from e-waste, investigating carbon cloth composites for high-rate cycling, and applying synchrotron XRD to understand the structural role of antimony ions in battery electrodes.
Papers behind this description
- Lead-acid batteries and lead–carbon hybrid systems: A review — Journal of Power Sources, 2023 — doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233312
- Past, present, and future of lead–acid batteries — Science, 2020 — doi:10.1126/science.abd3352
- Advances and challenges in improvement of the electrochemical performance for lead-acid batteries: A comprehensive review — Journal of Power Sources, 2021 — doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230800
- Lead-Carbon Batteries toward Future Energy Storage: From Mechanism and Materials to Applications — Electrochemical Energy Reviews, 2022 — doi:10.1007/s41918-022-00134-w
- Impact of carbon additives on lead-acid battery electrodes: A review — Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022 — doi:10.1016/j.rser.2022.113078
- Path to the sustainable development of China's secondary lead industry: An overview of the current status of waste lead-acid battery recycling — Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 2023 — doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2023.107389
- Rice husk-based activated carbon/carbon nanotubes composites for synergistically enhancing the performance of lead-carbon batteries — Carbon, 2025 — doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119714
- Novel polymer gel electrolytes comprising montmorillonite embedded in sodium alginate and their electrochemical performance for future lead acid batteries — New Journal of Chemistry, 2025 — doi:10.1039/d4nj05557h
- Lead batteries for utility energy storage: A review — Journal of Energy Storage, 2017 — doi:10.1016/j.est.2017.11.008
- Recent advances on electrolyte additives used in lead-acid batteries to enhance their electrochemical performances — Journal of Energy Storage, 2024 — doi:10.1016/j.est.2024.112738
- Green hydrometallurgical extraction of metallic lead from spent lead paste in the methanesulfonic acid system — Separation and Purification Technology, 2023 — doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122592
- Synthesis of Nafion-reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline as novel positive electrode additives for high performance lead-acid batteries — Electrochimica Acta, 2023 — doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2023.143045
- From waste lead-acid batteries to high-value polypropylene: Sustainable recovery and enhancement via decontamination and modification strategy — Journal of Environmental Management, 2025 — doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.128280
- Closed-loop extraction of precious metals from e-waste via NH4HCO3 desulfurization and secondary lead smelting — Waste Management, 2025 — doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115228
- Experimental evidence and performance analysis of carbon cloth composite inserted lead-acid batteries under high-rate cycling — Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2025 — doi:10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106517
- Recycling of lead-acid batteries: A review — Energy storage materials, 2026 — doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2026.104895
- A high-fidelity reduced-order modeling framework for accurate and real-time performance simulation of lead-acid batteries considering buoyancy-driven electrolyte stratification — Electrochimica Acta, 2025 — doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2025.147412
- Electrochemical fabrication and characterisation of nanoporous copper from CuZn alloy precursors at macro and microscale electrode arrays — Electrochimica Acta, 2025 — doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2025.147487