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93 Actinide
Np

Neptunium

RIS 0.005
Velocity
Rank#91
Co-citedAm
Physical properties
Category Actinide
Block f-block
State Solid
Config [Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
Electronegativity 1.36
Density 20.45 g/cm³
Melting 917.0 K
Boiling 4273.0 K
Ionization 604.5 kJ/mol
Oxidation +3, +4, +5, +6, +7
Discovered 1940 · Edwin McMillan, Philip Abelson
10-year trends

Research trends from the past decade for this element.

Research trends from the past decade: publication rate, citation momentum, emerging applications. A bird's-eye view of how the field has been evolving.

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Top papers of all time
Inorganic Chemistry · 2025 · 89th percentile for its age
Advanced Science · 2025 · 96th percentile for its age
Chem & Bio Engineering · 2025 · 89th percentile for its age
Top papers, last 5 years
Inorganic Chemistry · 2025 · 89th percentile for its age
Advanced Science · 2025 · 96th percentile for its age
Chem & Bio Engineering · 2025 · 89th percentile for its age
Newest papers
Dalton Transactions · 2026 · 87th percentile for its age
Applied Clay Science · 2026 · 74th percentile for its age
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · 2026 · 74th percentile for its age

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Neptunium's history

Research intensity over time

Neptunium's history

Neptunium's research intensity, 1900 → today.

See how it got here — free account.
Advanced visualization features

Neptunium's associations

These shapes are citation clusters: groups of papers that cite each other. They show why Neptunium is moving, not just that it is.

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