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61 Lanthanide
Pm

Promethium

RIS 0.002
Velocity
Rank#97
Co-citedCm
Physical properties
Category Lanthanide
Block f-block
State Solid
Config [Xe] 4f5 6s2
Electronegativity 1.13
Density 7.26 g/cm³
Melting 1315.0 K
Boiling 3273.0 K
Ionization 540.0 kJ/mol
Oxidation +2, +3
Discovered 1945 · Charles D. Coryell, Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin
10-year trends

Research trends from the past decade for this element.

Research trends from the past decade: publication rate, citation momentum, emerging applications. A bird's-eye view of how the field has been evolving.

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Top papers of all time
Pharmaceuticals · 2025 · 99th percentile for its age
Nature · 2024 · 92nd percentile for its age
Chinese Journal of Chemistry · 2024 · 89th percentile for its age
Top papers, last 5 years
Pharmaceuticals · 2025 · 99th percentile for its age
Nature · 2024 · 92nd percentile for its age
Chinese Journal of Chemistry · 2024 · 89th percentile for its age
Newest papers
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026 · 87th percentile for its age
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry · 2026 · 74th percentile for its age
Inorganic Chemistry · 2026 · 32nd percentile for its age

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Promethium's history

Research intensity over time

Promethium's history

Promethium's research intensity, 1900 → today.

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Advanced visualization features

Promethium's associations

These shapes are citation clusters: groups of papers that cite each other. They show why Promethium is moving, not just that it is.

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