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62 Lanthanide
Sm

Samarium

RIS 0.032
Velocity
Rank#52
Co-citedCo
Physical properties
Category Lanthanide
Block f-block
State Solid
Config [Xe] 4f6 6s2
Electronegativity 1.17
Density 7.52 g/cm³
Melting 1345.0 K
Boiling 2067.0 K
Ionization 544.5 kJ/mol
Oxidation +2, +3
Discovered 1879 · Lecoq de Boisbaudran
10-year trends

Research trends from the past decade for this element.

Research trends from the past decade: publication rate, citation momentum, emerging applications. A bird's-eye view of how the field has been evolving.

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Top papers of all time
Science · 2025 · 97th percentile for its age
Journal of Materials Research and Technology · 2025 · 95th percentile for its age
Pharmaceuticals · 2025 · 99th percentile for its age
Top papers, last 5 years
Science · 2025 · 97th percentile for its age
Journal of Materials Research and Technology · 2025 · 95th percentile for its age
Pharmaceuticals · 2025 · 99th percentile for its age
Newest papers
Materials Research Bulletin · 2026 · 98th percentile for its age
Materials Research Bulletin · 2026 · 97th percentile for its age
Energy & Fuels · 2026 · 97th percentile for its age

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Samarium's history

Research intensity over time

Samarium's history

Samarium's research intensity, 1900 → today.

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Advanced visualization features

Samarium's associations

These shapes are citation clusters: groups of papers that cite each other. They show why Samarium is moving, not just that it is.

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