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11 Alkali Alkaline Earth
Na

Sodium

RIS 0.198
Velocity
Rank#7
Co-citedK
Physical properties
Category Alkali Metal
Block s-block
State Solid
Config [Ne] 3s1
Electronegativity 0.93
Density 0.971 g/cm³
Melting 370.87 K
Boiling 1156.0 K
Ionization 495.8 kJ/mol
Oxidation -1, +1
Discovered 1807 · Humphry Davy
10-year trends

Research trends from the past decade for this element.

Research trends from the past decade: publication rate, citation momentum, emerging applications. A bird's-eye view of how the field has been evolving.

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Top papers of all time
Open MIND · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Advanced Materials · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Advanced Functional Materials · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Top papers, last 5 years
Open MIND · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Advanced Materials · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Advanced Functional Materials · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Newest papers
Open MIND · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Dyes and Pigments · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Nature Reviews Materials · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age

These are the nine that matter most. There are more — browse all of them free.

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Sodium's history

Research intensity over time

Sodium's history

Sodium's research intensity, 1900 → today.

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Advanced visualization features

Sodium's associations

These shapes are citation clusters: groups of papers that cite each other. They show why Sodium is moving, not just that it is.

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