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9 Reactive Nonmetal
F

Fluorine

RIS 0.021
Velocity
Rank#71
Co-citedLi
Physical properties
Category Nonmetal
Block p-block
State Gas
Config [He] 2s2 2p5
Electronegativity 3.98
Density 0.001696 g/cm³
Melting 53.53 K
Boiling 85.03 K
Ionization 1681.0 kJ/mol
Oxidation -1
Discovered 1886 · Andre-Marie Ampere, Henri Moissan
10-year trends

Research trends from the past decade for this element.

Research trends from the past decade: publication rate, citation momentum, emerging applications. A bird's-eye view of how the field has been evolving.

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Top papers of all time
2026 · 100th percentile for its age
ACS Nano · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Nature · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Top papers, last 5 years
2026 · 100th percentile for its age
ACS Nano · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Nature · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Newest papers
2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry · 2026 · 99th percentile for its age
EcoEnergy · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age

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Fluorine's history

Research intensity over time

Fluorine's history

Fluorine's research intensity, 1900 → today.

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Advanced visualization features

Fluorine's associations

These shapes are citation clusters: groups of papers that cite each other. They show why Fluorine is moving, not just that it is.

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