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29 Transition Metal
Cu

Copper

RIS 0.197
Velocity
Rank#9
Co-citedSe
Physical properties
Category Transition Metal
Block d-block
State Solid
Config [Ar] 3d10 4s1
Electronegativity 1.9
Density 8.96 g/cm³
Melting 1357.77 K
Boiling 2835.0 K
Ionization 745.5 kJ/mol
Oxidation +1, +2, +3, +4
Discovered Known since antiquity
10-year trends

Research trends from the past decade for this element.

Research trends from the past decade: publication rate, citation momentum, emerging applications. A bird's-eye view of how the field has been evolving.

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Top papers of all time
2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Figshare · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Science · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Top papers, last 5 years
2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Figshare · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Science · 2025 · 100th percentile for its age
Newest papers
Acta Dermato Venereologica · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Wear · 2026 · 100th percentile for its age
Materials Today: Proceedings · 2026 · 99th percentile for its age

These are the nine that matter most. There are more — browse all of them free.

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Copper's history

Research intensity over time

Copper's history

Copper's research intensity, 1900 → today.

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Advanced visualization features

Copper's associations

These shapes are citation clusters: groups of papers that cite each other. They show why Copper is moving, not just that it is.

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